Author Copyright

Copyright in articles published by the Nigerian Journal of Technical Education (NJTE) is retained by the author(s), subject to the journal's approved publication and licensing arrangements.

Authors retain ownership of their intellectual work while granting NJTE the rights necessary to publish, distribute, preserve and identify the official version of record.

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0

NJTE articles may be published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence (CC BY 4.0).

The licence enables broad scholarly and educational reuse while ensuring that the original authors receive appropriate attribution.

Permitted Uses

• Copy and redistribute published articles
• Share articles electronically or in print
• Deposit articles in institutional or subject repositories
• Adapt or transform published material
• Create derivative works
• Build upon published research
• Use material commercially subject to proper attribution

Conditions of Reuse

Users must:

• Credit the original author(s).
• Identify NJTE as the original publication.
• Provide relevant bibliographic information.
• Provide a link to the applicable Creative Commons licence where possible.
• Indicate whether changes have been made.
• Avoid implying endorsement by NJTE, NBTE or the original authors.

Author Rights

Authors retain the right to:

• Deposit their articles in institutional repositories.
• Post permitted copies on academic or personal websites.
• Include articles in theses and dissertations.
• Use articles for teaching and educational purposes.
• Present research at conferences and professional meetings.
• Incorporate material into subsequent scholarly work with proper citation.
• Translate or adapt their work subject to applicable licensing requirements.

Rights of Third Parties

Subject to the applicable licence, readers and other third parties may download, share, reproduce, adapt and build upon NJTE articles while providing appropriate attribution.

Trademark and Institutional Identity

The Creative Commons licence applicable to published articles does not automatically grant permission to reproduce or commercially exploit:

• NJTE logos
• NBTE logos
• Official institutional seals
• Institutional trademarks
• Other protected branding materials

Third-Party Copyrighted Materials

Authors are responsible for obtaining all permissions required to reproduce third-party copyrighted material.

This may include:

• Figures
• Tables
• Photographs
• Illustrations
• Maps
• Extended quotations
• Proprietary datasets

Evidence of permission may be requested during editorial processing.

Moral Rights

Authors retain applicable moral rights in their work, including recognition as the author of the work and protection against inappropriate misrepresentation of their scholarly contribution.

Corrections and Errata

Where corrections are required after publication, NJTE may publish an Erratum, Corrigendum or formal correction permanently linked to the original article.

Retractions

Retracted articles should ordinarily remain part of the scholarly record for transparency.

The affected article will be clearly identified as retracted and linked to an appropriate retraction notice explaining the reason for the action.

Agreement to Publication Terms

By submitting a manuscript to NJTE, authors confirm that:

• They are authorized to submit the work.
• All listed authors approve the submission.
• The manuscript is original.
• The manuscript is not simultaneously under consideration elsewhere.
• Required copyright permissions have been obtained.
• Research integrity requirements have been followed.
• They accept the journal's approved copyright and licensing terms.